From a Debtor State to a Sovereign State: Pakistan’s Need for a New Economic Doctrine
In world politics, states faced traditional security threats along their borders from neighbouring rival countries, as well as from regional powers and superpowers, in the previous century. Historically, since 1945, due to nuclear politics, we can observe that the traditional security threats for nuclear countries have reduced to none. During this whole time period, war history is deprived even of a single example of a major war between two nuclear-armed countries, except the Kargil war of 1999 between India and Pakistan. But contentions between rival countries remained constant, and output was over there in the form of different shapes of threat known as non-traditional security threats, and the results of these threats were the same as the earlier ones. This new shape of threats is named as Proxy war, in which a state was suffering through society and non-militarily mostly. During the Cold War era, Proxy wars remained dominant in bipolar politics, where third countries remained...
